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Mormon 3:19 · 3 Nephi 27:27

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Book of Mormon Mormon 3:19
"the remnant of this people, who shall also be judged by the twelve whom Jesus chose in this land"
Book of Mormon 3 Nephi 27:27
"ye shall be judges of this people, according to the judgment which I shall give unto you, which shall be just"

Mormon's editorial two-twelves address invokes the judicial office the Lord granted the Nephite twelve. Mormon writes 'unto the remnant of this people, who shall also be judged by the twelve whom Jesus chose in this land' (Mormon 3:19) -- the very office Jesus conferred on the Nephite twelve at 3 Nephi 27:27: 'ye shall be judges of this people, according to the judgment which I shall give unto you, which shall be just.' PARAPHRASE/textual: Mormon 3:19 restates in different words the office 3 Nephi 27:27 establishes (Mormon supplies 'the twelve whom Jesus chose in this land'; the Lord's grant supplies 'judges of this people'). TWO-TWELVES STRUCTURE (why the near end is 3:19 not 3:18): Mormon 3:18-19 states a two-tier judgment -- the 'twelve tribes of Israel… shall be judged… by the twelve whom Jesus chose… in the land of Jerusalem' (Mormon 3:18), while 'the remnant of this people' is 'judged by the twelve whom Jesus chose in this land', and those Nephite twelve are in turn 'judged by the other twelve whom Jesus chose in the land of Jerusalem' (3:19). This record anchors the NEPHITE-twelve half (3:19 <-> 3 Nephi 27:27, this page's material); the Jerusalem-twelve / twelve-tribes half (Mormon 3:18) is noted here, not registered as an endpoint. ORIGIN of the two-tier structure -> the note-end 1 Nephi 12:9-10, Nephi's vision, which first revealed it: the Jerusalem 'twelve apostles of the Lamb… shall judge the twelve tribes of Israel; wherefore, the twelve ministers of thy seed shall be judged of them… And these twelve ministers whom thou beholdest shall judge thy seed' (1 Nephi 12:9-10). Mormon 3:18-19 is the same structure re-stated ~600 years on; 1 Nephi 12:9-10 kept in the note (its own registration, if any, belongs to a Nephi-vision page, not here). DISTRIBUTION: the exact 4-word phrase 'judges of this people' -- the disciples' spiritual judicial office -- occurs at exactly ONE verse, 3 Nephi 27:27. The related verb phrase 'judge this people' occurs at Mosiah 29:11, Mosiah 29:13, and Alma 14:20, but in the CIVIL-judge sense (Mosiah appointing reign-of-judges magistrates; Alma 14:20 a hostile crowd's taunt) -- a different office; do not conflate with the disciples' judgeship.

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The Twelve Disciples